| Description | A hardy Holly Fern that needs moist, well drained soils. |
|---|---|
| Pronunciation | (sir-TOH-mee-um)(for-TOO-nee-eye) |
| Plant Type | All Plants, Ferns - Hardy |
| Hardiness Zone | (5)6-10 |
| Sunlight | part shade, shade |
| Moisture | moist |
| Soil & Site | moist, humusy, needs well-drained soils |
| Flowers | Ferns do not produce flowers. They were around prior to the evolution of the flowering plants (angiosperms). |
| Fruit | spores |
| Leaves | dark green, 12-26 pairs of pinnae, crosiers (fiddle head) pale green pinna, scattered black scales on stipe and rachis |
| Dimensions | 1.5-2.5 feet, erect |
| Propagation | spores, division |
| Native Site | Japan, Korea, China |
| Notes & Reference | #80-A Field Guide to Ferns (Boughton Cobb), #90-Ferns for American Gardens (John T Mickel) |
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