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petrification
The process begins when wood (logs, trees, etc) were swept down rivers and buried in mud. The mud contained volcanic ash. As the ash decomposed it released chemicals into the water. As the water seeped into the wood the chemicals reacted with the wood to form quartz crystals. Over millions of years the wood turned to stone. The colors in the petrified wood are cause from different minerals such as: Copper - green, Cobalt - green/blue, Chromium - green/blue, Manganese - pink, Carbon - black, iron-reds/browns, Manganese Oxides - black and silica - grey/white.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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